Chronic Gingivostomatitis with Esophagitis in Cats

Background

Chronic gingivostomatitis in cats (FCG) is a debilitating disease with potentially deleterious effects on overall health.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Little is known about the pathophysiology and overall impact of FCG. The aims of our study were to investigate whether gingivostomatitis occurs concurrently with esophagitis, if FCG treatment contributes to esophagitis and if esophagitis exacerbates signs of FCG.

Animals

Fifty‐eight cats with clinical signs of FCG and 12 healthy control cats exhibiting no signs of oral disease, all client‐owned.

Methods

Prospective study. Physical, oral and endoscopic examinations were performed on all cats. Measurements of salivary and esophageal lumen pH were obtained from both groups. Biopsies were acquired from sites of esophageal inflammation in cats with FCG and from normal‐appearing esophageal mucosa in control cats.

Results

The majority of cats with clinical signs of FCG exhibited some degree of esophagitis especially in the proximal (44/58) and distal (53/58) parts (P < 0.001) with or without columnar metaplasia, compared to controls. All cats lacked signs related to gastrointestinal disease. Salivary and esophageal lumen pH were not statistically different compared to controls.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Feline chronic gingivostomatitis seems to occur concurrently with esophagitis. Esophagitis also should be managed in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis because it may aggravate the existing condition.     

猪链球菌保护性抗原表位串联亚单位疫苗设计及小鼠免疫保护效力分析

为了筛选和鉴定猪链球菌3个保护性抗原GAPDH、MRP、DLDH的优势B细胞抗原表位,设计表位串联方案,研究重组串联表位蛋白(简称GMD蛋白)免疫小鼠后对猪链球菌攻击的免疫保护效力。采用生物信息学分析工具对优势B细胞抗原表位进行筛选,并将表位串联并构建重组质粒pET28a-GMD,诱导表达且纯化后将GMD蛋白配合弗氏佐剂免疫BALB/c小鼠,并评价该蛋白对2型猪链球菌的免疫保护效力。发现经SDS-PAGE鉴定该重组蛋白大小为43.3 kDa;小鼠免疫保护实验结果显示,免疫小鼠血清中针对猪链球菌HA9801菌株抗体效价最高可达1∶102 400,GMD蛋白对小鼠的免疫保护率可达90%。上述结果表明面对猪链球菌HA9801菌株的攻击,GMD蛋白可以为机体提供良好的免疫保护,本研究结果为猪链球菌新型表位亚单位疫苗的研制提供了基础数据。     

Evaluating the efficacy of an attenuated Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus vaccine produced by multi-gene deletion in pathogenicity island SeseCisland_4

Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus(SEZ) is a pathogen associated with a wild range of animal species. Frequent outbreaks have occurred in recent years in pigs, horses, goats and dogs which is liable to infect humans. There is a lack of efficient vaccines against this disease and the occurrence of antibiotic resistance may render drug therapies ineffective. In this study, gene deletion mutant(ΔSEZ) in pathogenicity islands SeseCisland_4 was constructed. The mutant ΔSEZ had a 52-fold decrease in 50% lethal dose(LD_(50)) and had less capacity to adhere epithelial cells. Importantly, immunization of mice with attenuated vaccine ΔSEZ at the dose of 10~2 colony-forming units(CFU) mL~(–1) elicited a significant humoral antibody response, with an antibody titer of 1:12 800. Therefore, 10~2 CFU mL~(–1) might be used as the appropriate immune dose for the attenuated vaccine ΔSEZ, which provided mice with efficient protection against virulent SEZ. In addition, the hyperimmune sera against 10~2 CFU m L–1 attenuated vaccine ΔSEZ could confer significant protection against virulent SEZ infection in the passive immunization experiment and exhibited efficient bactericidal activity in the whole blood assay. Meanwhile, no viable bacteria was detected in blood when mice were immunized with ΔSEZ at the dose of 10~2 CFU mL~(–1) via hypodermic injection. Thereafter, the mutant ΔSEZ at the dose of 10~2 CFU mL~(–1) could confer significant protection in mice and had less negative effects on host, which could be an effective attenuated vaccine candidate for the prevention of SEZ.     

仔猪红黄痢疫苗的最小免疫剂量、免疫持续期和保存期试验

用大肠杆菌K88、K99、987P菌株和C型产气荚膜梭菌制备成仔猪大肠杆菌病、C型产气荚膜梭菌病二联灭活疫苗(仔猪红黄痢疫苗),以不同剂量的疫苗免疫怀孕母猪,然后对其所产仔猪用发病剂量的相应菌株进行攻毒,同时将连续3批疫苗置2～8℃保存,分别于保存后的不同时间取样进行保存期试验。结果发现,用1.6mL以上剂量疫苗免疫组仔猪的攻毒保护率均在80%以上。通过对免疫母猪所产的1、4、7和10日龄仔猪进行攻毒,仔猪的攻毒保护率均不低于80%,说明疫苗免疫产生期为仔猪吸食初乳后24h内,仔猪被动免疫持续期为7d以上。疫苗保存期检测结果显示,疫苗保存27个月后,疫苗的性状检验合格,对怀孕母猪安全,疫苗免疫母猪所产仔猪攻毒保护率均不低于80%。因此,确定疫苗的最小免疫剂量为1.6mL,仔猪被动免疫持续期为7d以上,疫苗保存期为2～8℃保存24个月。     

不同伪狂犬病活疫苗免疫效力比较

为临床科学选用疫苗,对来自三个生物制品厂的伪狂犬病活疫苗的免疫效力进行了评价。试验选取35日龄伪狂犬阴性猪20头,试验根据疫苗接种情况分为5组,分别为:免疫疫苗稀释液的对照组(第一组)、免疫进口活疫苗组(第二组)、免疫国产活疫苗组(第三组)、免疫本公司ST细胞系增殖制备活疫苗组(第四组)、免疫本公司鸡胚成纤维细胞增殖制备活疫苗组(第五组),然后进行免疫监测和效力评价,观察不同疫苗组仔猪的抗体水平后攻毒保护情况。结果显示:一次免疫后各组抗伪狂犬病毒抗体水平增长缓慢,进行二次免疫后,抗体水平迅速增加并保持较高水平。攻毒后,从身体耐受性、体温变化、体重下降率以及g E抗体水平来看,第二组疫苗B和第四组疫苗D耐受性较强,较快恢复健康,体重下降率较小且g E抗体水平较高。     

仔猪副伤寒耐热保护剂活疫苗C500株生产工艺的优化

为优化仔猪副伤寒耐热保护剂活疫苗生产工艺,对细菌生长曲线、耐热保护剂和冻干曲线进行了研究,建立了发酵体积1%、2%和3%的二级种子接种量下分别发酵12 h~20 h的细菌生长曲线,检测3个配苗比例、4种耐热保护剂和3条冻干曲线下成品疫苗的冻干菌存率、活菌存活率和安全性,确定了接种3%二级种子液发酵培养17 h为最佳发酵培养条件,发酵菌数达到428×108CFU/m L;最佳配苗比例为菌液︰耐热保护剂1∶1(V∶V),优化保护剂B作为最佳耐热保护剂,设定冻干程序3#作为最佳冻干曲线。基于此,仔猪副伤寒耐热保护剂活疫苗抗原含量达到40头份/瓶,冻干菌存率和活菌存活率均达到95%以上,大幅度降低了猪体免疫副反应,极大提升了疫苗的产品品质。     

合肥野生动物园袋鼠口鼻腔带菌情况调查

[目的]对合肥野生动物园袋鼠口腔和鼻腔的带菌情况进行调查。[方法]从袋鼠口腔和鼻腔中分离致病菌,并采用细菌形态学和分子生物学方法对其进行鉴定。选用14种常用抗菌药物,采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。[结果]14份袋鼠口腔样本中均分离到革兰氏阳性球菌,其中12只袋鼠口腔分离到葡萄球菌,占85.7%;从4只袋鼠口腔分离到链球菌,占28.5%;从2只袋鼠口腔同时分离到葡萄球菌和链球菌,占14.3%。同时,从14只袋鼠鼻腔中均分离到葡萄球菌。药敏试验结果表明,ZS-1菌株对磺胺类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类、头孢菌素类、磷霉素类、林可霉素类和四环素类药物敏感。鼻腔中细菌对磷霉素类、喹诺酮类和四环素类药物敏感。口腔中的细菌对14种常用抗菌药物均无耐药性,鼻腔中分离的细菌对卡那霉素、复方新诺明、强力霉素和阿莫西林耐药。[结论]研究结果可为袋鼠口腔和鼻腔细菌感染类疾病的有效防治提供科学依据。     

番茄青枯病植物疫苗胶悬菌剂的制备及其对病害的防治效果

研究了植物疫苗胶悬剂的制备工艺,确定胶悬剂制备的适宜参数为:琼脂终浓度为2.0‰、氯化钠终浓度为2.0%和pH为7.0。在此条件下,胶悬效果最好,质地均匀,无上下分层。试验了植物疫苗胶悬剂对番茄青枯病的防治效果,结果表明,该胶悬剂能较好地抑制番茄青枯病的发生,其防效(77.45%)与化学农药72%农用硫酸链霉素SP(77.23%)相当,配合生防菌剂20亿活芽孢/g蜡质芽孢杆菌WP施用,效果更佳,防效达81.81%。     

不同佐剂对大鲵嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗的免疫效果

为了探究添加蜂胶佐剂、弗氏佐剂和铝胶佐剂后对大鲵（Andrias davidianus）嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonas hydrophila）灭活疫苗的免疫效果,取已制备好的大鲵嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗,分别加入3种佐剂,充分混匀后制备成含菌量为1×108 CFU/mL的佐剂疫苗,通过腹腔注射免疫健康大鲵(平均体长40 cm、平均体质量85 g）,每尾1 mL,并设不加佐剂组和对照组;分别于免疫后第1、4、7、14、21、28、35天尾静脉采血,利用凝集反应检测血清抗体效价,于免疫后第35天进行攻毒感染试验。结果表明,与对照组相比,蜂胶佐剂组抗体效价于免疫后第1～14天呈上升趋势,第21天达最高,为1: 469.33,弗氏佐剂组于免疫后第1～28天呈上升趋势,第35天达到最大值,为1: 448.00,随后呈下降趋势;铝胶佐剂组抗体效价于免疫后第1～21天呈上升趋势,第28天达到最大值,为1: 362.67,不加佐剂组于免疫后第21天达最高,为1: 384.00,随后呈下降趋势,而对照组基本稳定在1:4.00。攻毒感染试验表明,蜂胶佐剂组、弗氏佐剂组、铝胶佐剂组和不加佐剂组的死亡率为10%、20%、25%和35%,相对免疫保护率分别为88.9%、77.8%、72.2%和61.1%,对照组大鲵死亡率为90%;3种佐剂疫苗均有较好的免疫保护效果,其中以蜂胶佐剂疫苗效果最佳。